INCOTERMS

Incoterms relate to an international classification that has been put in place to harmonize international trade.
They allow to codify the duties, rights and responsibilities of importers and exporters for:


▸The loading of the goods
▸The types of transport
▸ The delivery
▸ The risks (as well as the costs)
▸ Insurance
▸ The formalities (transport documentation)

The goods (not unloaded) are made available by the seller in the foreign country at the agreed place. The buyer bears the unloading and import customs clearance.

The seller delivers the goods to the ship at the agreed port of shipment. The seller takes care of the export formalities and rules the related duties and taxes. The buyer bears the costs of the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, and the import formalities (by paying the related duties and taxes). The seller takes responsibility for marine insurance against the risk of loss or damage to the goods

The Incoterm DPU (Delivered expands to become the DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded) with the revision of Incoterms 2020. This new Incoterm charges the seller to deliver the unloaded goods to the agreed destination (whether a terminal, warehouse or other...). However, if the place is not a terminal, the seller must verify that the place where the goods are to be delivered is a place where they are able to unload the products.

The seller manages the transport and its costs to the port of destination. He is in charge of export formalities and regulates the related duties and taxes. The buyer bears the costs upon arrival of the goods at the port of destination, and the import formalities (by paying the related duties and taxes). On the other hand, maritime transport insurance is assumed by the buyer, who assumes the risks from the time of delivery on the boat to the port of shipment. Unloading costs may or may not be included in the contract.

The CIP Incoterm is identical to the CPT, however there is a difference regarding insurance. The seller is responsible for the transport insurance. The CIP Incoterm requires the seller to clear the goods for export.

The seller delivers the goods on the ship at the agreed port of shipment. The transfer of risk takes place once the goods have been loaded on the boat by the seller. The buyer takes care of the rest of the transport, including import customs clearance.

Delivery is made to the first carrier abroad, expenses paid by the seller, without transport insurance. The buyer must assume all risks and other costs incurred by the goods after delivery. The CPT Incoterm requires the seller to clear the goods for export.

The seller delivers the goods along the ship at the agreed port of shipment. The buyer takes care of loading on the ship and further transport, including import customs clearance. The Incoterm FAS imposes on the seller the obligation to clear the goods for export.

The seller delivers the goods as soon as they have been cleared for export and made available to the carrier appointed by the buyer at the agreed place. Please note that the chosen delivery location has an impact on the loading and unloading obligations of the goods. If the delivery is made at the seller's premises, he is then responsible for loading the goods. If delivery takes place elsewhere, the seller is not responsible for unloading.

The seller delivers the goods to the buyer, cleared through customs on import and not unloaded on arrival of any transport vehicle at the agreed destination. The goods are therefore delivered to the place of destination, ready for unloading. The seller normally also bears the costs of unloading. The seller must bear all costs and risks to transport the goods there, including, where applicable, any "duty" on import into the country of destination.

The seller shall make the goods available at an agreed place at the outset (workshop, factory, warehouse, etc.) without completing customs formalities (export or import) and without loading on any collection vehicle. The buyer bears all transport, customs and risk costs to the final destination